Whereas ethnic groups possess their own distinct identities and have accumulated cultural heritage, languages, ways of life, traditional knowledge, and customary beliefs, and whereas they have historical and cultural continuity and connections with Thai society, it is therefore necessary to establish legal provisions to protect the rights of ethnic groups so that they may sustain their ways of life with human dignity, in accordance with universal principles of human rights.

Furthermore, Section 70 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand stipulates that the State shall promote and provide protection for ethnic groups in Thailand, enabling them to live in society in accordance with their original cultures, traditions, and ways of life, voluntarily and peacefully, without interference, insofar as such practices are not contrary to public order or good morals, nor pose a threat to national security or public health. Accordingly, it is appropriate to enact a law for the protection and promotion of the ways of life of ethnic groups; therefore, this Act is hereby enacted.